镓的同位素
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标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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镓(原子量:69.723(1))共有34个同位素,其中有2个是稳定的。
图表[编辑]
符号 | Z( p ) |
N( n ) |
同位素质量(u) | 半衰期 | 衰变 方式[3][n 1] |
衰变 产物[n 2] |
原子核 自旋 |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率)[4] |
相对丰度的变化量 (莫耳分率) |
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激发能量 | |||||||||
56Ga | 31 | 25 | 55.99491(28)# | p | 55Zn | 3+# | |||
57Ga | 31 | 26 | 56.98293(28)# | p | 56Zn | 1/2−# | |||
58Ga | 31 | 27 | 57.97425(23)# | p | 57Zn | 2+# | |||
59Ga | 31 | 28 | 58.96337(18)# | p | 58Zn | 3/2−# | |||
60Ga | 31 | 29 | 59.95706(12)# | 70(10) ms | β+ | 60Zn | (2+) | ||
61Ga | 31 | 30 | 60.94945(6) | 168(3) ms | β+ | 61Zn | 3/2− | ||
62Ga | 31 | 31 | 61.944175(30) | 116.18(4) ms | β+ | 62Zn | 0+ | ||
63Ga | 31 | 32 | 62.9392942(14) | 32.4(5) s | β+ | 63Zn | (3/2−) | ||
64Ga | 31 | 33 | 63.9368387(22) | 2.627(12) min | β+ | 64Zn | 0(+#) | ||
64mGa | 42.85(8) keV | 21.9(7) µs | 2+ | ||||||
65Ga | 31 | 34 | 64.9327348(9) | 15.2(2) min | β+ | 65Zn | 3/2− | ||
66Ga | 31 | 35 | 65.931589(3) | 9.49(7) h | β+ | 66Zn | 0+ | ||
67Ga[n 3] | 31 | 36 | 66.9282017(14) | 3.2612(6) d | ε | 67Zn | 3/2− | ||
68Ga[n 4] | 31 | 37 | 67.9279801(16) | 67.783(27) min[1] | β+ | 68Zn | 1+ | ||
69 Ga |
31 | 38 | 68.9255736(13) | 稳定 | 3/2− | 0.60108(50) | |||
70Ga | 31 | 39 | 69.9260220(13) | 21.14(3) min | β− (99.59) | 70Ge | 1+ | ||
ε (0.41%) | 70Zn | ||||||||
71Ga | 31 | 40 | 70.9247013(11) | 稳定 | 3/2− | 0.39892(50) | |||
72Ga | 31 | 41 | 71.9263663(11) | 14.095(3) h | β− | 72Ge | 3- | ||
72mGa | 119.66(5) keV | 39.68(13) ms | IT | 72Ga | (0+) | ||||
73Ga | 31 | 42 | 72.9251747(18) | 4.86(3) h | β− | 73Ge | 3/2− | ||
74Ga | 31 | 43 | 73.926946(4) | 8.12(12) min | β− | 74Ge | (3-) | ||
74mGa | 59.571(14) keV | 9.5(10) s | (0) | ||||||
75Ga | 31 | 44 | 74.9265002(26) | 126(2) s | β− | 75Ge | (3/2)− | ||
76Ga | 31 | 45 | 75.9288276(21) | 32.6(6) s | β− | 76Ge | (2+,3+) | ||
77Ga | 31 | 46 | 76.9291543(26) | 13.2(2) s | β− | 77Ge | (3/2−) | ||
78Ga | 31 | 47 | 77.9316082(26) | 5.09(5) s | β− | 78Ge | (3+) | ||
79Ga | 31 | 48 | 78.93289(11) | 2.847(3) s | β− (99.911%) | 79mGe | (3/2−)# | ||
β−, n (.089%) | 78Ge | ||||||||
80Ga | 31 | 49 | 79.93652(13) | 1.697(11) s | β− (99.11%) | 80Ge | (3) | ||
β−, n (.89%) | 79Ge | ||||||||
81Ga | 31 | 50 | 80.93775(21) | 1.217(5) s | β− (88.11%) | 81mGe | (5/2−) | ||
β−, n (11.89%) | 80Ge | ||||||||
82Ga | 31 | 51 | 81.94299(32)# | 0.599(2) s | β− (78.5%) | 82Ge | (1,2,3) | ||
β−, n (21.5%) | 81Ge | ||||||||
83Ga | 31 | 52 | 82.94698(32)# | 308(1) ms | β− (60%) | 83Ge | 3/2−# | ||
β−, n (40%) | 82Ge | ||||||||
84Ga | 31 | 53 | 83.95265(43)# | 0.085(10) s | β−, n (70%) | 83Ge | |||
β− (30%) | 84Ge | ||||||||
85Ga | 31 | 54 | 84.95700(54)# | 50# ms [>300 ns] | 3/2−# | ||||
86Ga | 31 | 55 | 85.96312(86)# | 30# ms [>300 ns] |
备注:画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,只是理论推测而已,而用括号括起来的代表数据不确定性。
← | 同位素列表 | → |
锌的同位素 | 镓的同位素 | 锗的同位素 |
注释[编辑]
- ^ Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition - ^ Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)
- ^ Deexcitation gamma used in medical imaging
- ^ Medically useful radioisotope
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Ramirez, N.C.; Collins, S.M. A new determination of the 68Ga half-life and evaluation of literature data. Applied Radiation and Isotopes (Elsevier BV). 2023: 111103. ISSN 0969-8043. doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111103.
- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英语).
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-13]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- ^ Standard Atomic Weights: Gallium. CIAAW.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素与同位素的稳定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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